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Soaring through this concept i am so glad to tell you that we are close to one of the worlds' domineering concept which is practised by most states in the world.. That concept is DEMOCRACY , a theory propounded by one of the greatest American president of all time...ABRA-HAM LINCOLN
DEMOCRACY
Democracy has said earlier is a concept propounded by Sir Abraham Lincoln who in his definition defined Democracy as ''A government of the people, by the people and for the people''.
This definition might be grandiose for a layman or a freshman however the efficacy of this concised definition cant be over emphasized.
The definition is comprehensible and in this lesson i will demystify the meaning for you to understand.
OF THE PEOPLE:
This a government instituted by the people i.e a government elected by the people to represent their interest and are accountable to them.
BY THE PEOPLE:
This is a government operated in accordance with the opinion of the people i.e government policies are influenced BY the people
Every aspect of a democratic state is controlled by the people as it commonly said that ''Sovereignty in a democratic state lies with the electorate'' the people are involved all through the administration and the government are accountable to them.
FOR THE PEOPLE:
HISTORY OF DEMOCRACY
This concept Democracy started as a crude or direct democracy in Greece(by the greek) in which decisions were taken together and their was no government, everyone is a government. Democracy later became known in 1789 during the french revolution and after the outbreak of the Great war, which is popularly known as the first world war(1914).
The reasons for the rise of democracy in most countries especially after the french revolution was due to the bad government exhibited by some of the despotic leaders then and the thirst for a representative government. Also history made it known that the early writings of John Locke and Rousseau served as sources of inspiration to most nation due to their idealist view in which all men were believed to be born free and equal and that government should be a product of the governed.
FEATURES OF DEMOCRACY
1) POLITICAL LIBERTY: This is the equal right and freedom of the people to elect their own government.
2)ELATED VALUE OF CITIZENS: This is the reference of every man's point of view and the respect of his/her right.
3)POLITICAL PARTIES
4)PERIODIC ELECTION: This serve as a medium of guaranteeing democracy as the government is changed periodically through a democratic process called election
5) SEPERATION OF POWER:This is a clear cut definition of power between the arms of government in which all performs independently of the other
6)RULE OF LAW: All men are equal before the law no matter the class.
7)FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT of human are guaranteed and protected.
8)SUPREMACY OF THE CONSTITUTION
9) RESPECT FOR PUBLIC OPINION
10) NO CLASS DOMINATION.
STRONGHOLDS OF DEMOCRACY
The strongholds of democracy are the basic factors that sustains the existence of a democratic state or that visibly proves a state to be a democratic state.
The major strongholds of democracy are:
1) THE PEOPLE: According to the definition given to democracy by Sir Lincoln the people are the major machinery in the survival of a democratic state, the elect the government and direct the affairs of the government.
2) THE CONSTITUTION/THE RULE OF LAW: The constitution is a body of principles, laws and guideline by which a state is governed.The constitution also preserves the fundamental human right of the people and without it Democracy extinct. The rule of law also helps to achieve the democratic theory of equality.
3)DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS: Democratic institutions like the political parties and the electoral commision helps to ensure that the political liberty in a democratic state is preserved.
4)MAJORITY RULE: This implies that the opinion with the highest number of support are executed. E.g in an election the party with the majority of voters forms the government.
5) MINORITY RIGHT: The rights of the minority groups are preserved in a democratic state defending its attribute of a classless society.
MERITS OF DEMOCRACY
Democracy has a lot of merits, i feel the usage of the world ''infinitesimal'' would a litotes.However lets run through some of them:
1) Free choice of Leaders by the people
2)Equality of all citizens
3) Legitimacy of Government
4)It promotes a representative administration
5) Reduces threat of despotism and bad government
6) Accountability of the government to the people
7) The Supreme power in a democratic state lies with the people(Electorate).
DEMERITS OF DEMOCRACY
its so funny and i am not surprised you might be laughing about the fact that the appraised theory Democracy also has a demerit...wow!...maybe democracy really isnt a good idea after all and thats why some country no matter what can take it up...i dont blame Hitler either for kicking against it.
Yeah! The demerits or the flaws of democracy are:
1) Slow decision making due to a long consultation with the people
2)Its too expensive to operate due too many people being involved in the decision making
3)Election of poor government by the people
4)The limitation to government power might put it under threat from the people.
''WOAH! We have really spent a whole lotta time together chap, and i think you need some break now. Eat, have a little chat but be back early. Have a nice time away''
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